9 PM Daily Current Affairs Brief – December 30th, 2022

Dear Friends,

We have initiated some changes in the 9 PM Brief and other postings related to current affairs. What we sought to do:

  1. Ensure that all relevant facts, data, and arguments from today’s newspaper are readily available to you.
  2. We have widened the sources to provide you with content that is more than enough and adds value not just for GS but also for essay writing. Hence, the 9 PM brief now covers the following newspapers:
    1. The Hindu  
    2. Indian Express  
    3. Livemint  
    4. Business Standard  
    5. Times of India 
    6. Down To Earth
    7. PIB
  3. We have also introduced the relevance part to every article. This ensures that you know why a particular article is important.
  4. Since these changes are new, so initially the number of articles might increase, but they’ll go down over time.
  5. It is our endeavor to provide you with the best content and your feedback is essential for the same. We will be anticipating your feedback and ensure the blog serves as an optimal medium of learning for all the aspirants.
    • For previous editions of 9 PM BriefClick Here
    • For individual articles of 9 PM BriefClick Here

Current Affairs Compilations for UPSC IAS Prelims 2022

Mains Oriented Articles

GS Paper 2

GS Paper 3

Prelims Oriented Articles (Factly)

Mains Oriented Articles

GS Paper 2


From Bharat Jodo to Jan Aakrosh: The Yatra lives on

Source– The post is based on the article “From Bharat Jodo to Jan Aakrosh: The Yatra lives on” published in The Indian Express on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS2- Polity

Relevance– Issues related to electoral [politics

News– The article explains the historical background and relevance of political yatras.

An opposition party leader is undertaking Bharat Jodo Yatra. In Behar, party in power will undertake another pan-state yatra. In Rajasthan also, opposition has been on a Jan Aakrosh Yatra since December 1.

What is the history of political yatras?

The idea of yatra has persisted since the days of Mahatma Gandhi. Despite Advances in the digital communication space, it refuses to fade away.

Its resilience shows that politics is essentially about people and personal contact remains key.

Gandhi awakened a nation against the colonial rulers with the Salt March in 1930. It showcased the Yatra as a powerful instrument of political assertion.

What are the purposes served by these yatra?

Over the years, yatra has been used to serve various purposes. These are used as a mobilisational tool and force multiplier. Sometimes they are undertaken for mere assertions of relevance.

Chandra Shekhar, could emerge as the country’s premier Opposition leader after his Bharat Yatra in 1983.

L K Advani’s Rath Yatra for a Ram temple at Ayodhya polarised the country and turned around the political fortunes of the BJP.

Nitish Kumar has undertaken several yatras as chief minister. His yatras are aimed at projecting the persona and achievements of the government in Bihar.

Are yatras enough to achieve political aims?

The yatra is not enough. Much work is needed to be done for its lasting effect.

A robust organisation is necessary to harness and channelise the energy generated by a yatra. It is required to build on its message and take it to the voters.


Friendly neighbours – on India Maldives relations

Source– The post is based on the article “Friendly neighbours” published in The Hindu on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS2- India and its neighbourhood relationship

Relevance– India and Maldives relationship

News– The article explains the recent political developments taking place in Maldives and its relevance for bilateral relationship between India and Maldives

What are important developments taking place in Maldives?

Former Maldivian President Abdulla Yameen was convicted by a criminal court in the Maldives just a year ahead of general elections.

It could affect his plans to lead the opposition alliance due to constitutional provisions of Maldives.

Mr. Yameen did not enjoy a good relationship with India. As opposition leader, he has spearheaded the “India Out” campaign.

Mr. Yameen had close links with China. His conviction may provide some relief to India.

Why India needs to be cautious about recent developments in Maldives?

India’s infrastructure aid, credit lines, loans and commissioning of various projects have created visible impacts.

Close ties and high-level military exchanges since 2018 have raised speculation that India is eyeing a base.

While Mr. Yameen may not be allowed to run in the next election, this might make space for even more radical elements in the opposition combine.

The Solih government has been prompt in countering Mr. Yameen’s allegations. But, the protests have gained some traction in parts of the country.

What is the way forward for India?

India must keep a close watch on other parts of Maldivian politics. It includes the rift between India’s closest friends there, President Solih and former President Nasheed.

India must actively project the image of a friendly and helpful neighbour. It should not explicitly be seen as interfering in the electoral process.

The Government needs to tread carefully when it comes to domestic politics in Maldives.


Defending the constitutional order

Source– The post is based on the article “Defending the constitutional order” published in the Business Standard on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS2- Appointment to various constitutional posts

Relevance– Independent working of institutions

News– The article deals with the issue of appointment of judges of higher courts and election commissioners.

What is the system of appointment of judges of higher courts?

The present procedure for the appointment of judges of higher courts is based on the SC judgements of 1993 and 1998. It involves a collegium of senior Supreme Court judges headed by the Chief Justice of India.

The executive can ask them to reconsider but it has to accept if the collegium reasserts its recommendation. However, it can hold up appointments by sitting on the recommendation.

The government introduced a law to set up a NJAC to make recommendations for higher court judge appointments. But this was struck down by the Supreme Court based on the argument that it compromised the independence of the judiciary from the executive.

What was the viewpoint of the constituent assembly on appointment of judges?

The Constituent Assembly debate on this matter clearly indicated a universal belief in ensuring the independence of the judiciary from the executive. Hence the Assembly took the middle ground. It was agreed to consultation with the Chief Justice.

According to Ambedkar, “it would be dangerous to leave the appointments to the executive, without any kind of reservation or limitation.

An amendment was proposed to replace the word “consultation” with the word “concurrence”. But, it was not accepted. Another rejected amendment was to involve the parliament.

What was the viewpoint of the constituent assembly on appointment of election commissioners?

According to the Constitution, the appointment of the election commissioners shall be made by the President, on the advice of the Cabinet.

In the Constituent Assembly, the committee on fundamental rights recommended that the independence of the elections should be provided for in the chapter dealing with fundamental rights. But, it was agreed that this should be in the part dealing with the establishment of an Election Commission.

The Assembly affirmed that the election management body should be freed from any kind of interference from the executive of the day.

What are issues with the appointment of election commissioners?

The strong role of the executive in the appointment of election commissioners has been rightly criticised. Short tenures of an average 20 months, since 2001 shows the politicization of appointment.

One of the chief CEC, after leaving office, held a ministerial position in the government.

Another instance of the executive dominance was rejection of CEC’s proposal to remove an election commissioner, whose independence was questionable. The commissioner concerned was later made a CEC.

What is the way forward for appointment of higher courts judges and election commissioners?

Election commissioners– The procedure for appointment needs to ensure the independence of the Election Commission. It should be made more transparent and acceptable to the electorate and the parties.

L K Advani in 2012, had suggested the appointment of the CEC by a committee chaired by the prime minister and which would include the chief justice, the law minister and the leaders of the Opposition in both houses. It may be considered.

There is a need for a more transparent system by making the collegium process more open to scrutiny. Executive should not be empowered beyond a certain level. The central goal must be to preserve the independence of the judiciary from the  executive.

The Constitution was drafted at a time when there was a commitment of politicians to democracy. Hence there were few safeguards for independence of institutions.

The political environment has changed. We now need an explicit process that maintains the independence and credibility of institutions that are central for democracy and the rule of law.


The Karnataka-Maharashtra border row

Source– The post is based on the article “The Karnataka-Maharashtra border row” published in The Hindu on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS2- Issues and challenges pertaining federal structures

Relevance– Issues related to border disputes between states

News– The article explains the issues of Karnataka-Maharashtra border row.

What has been the politics around the dispute?

No national party is willing to take the risk and address the dispute.

This helped Maharashtra Ekikaran Samiti (MES) to sustain its fight. It has a single agenda of Belagavi’s inclusion into Maharashtra.

The MES-supported candidates have been winning one or more seats in the district since the 1957 Karnataka Assembly election. They were defeated in the 2018 Assembly elections. The MES is keen to revive its political fortunes in the 2023 elections.

The dispute strongly resonates in the cultural arena too. Two Sahitya Sammelanas were held in Belagavi in 2000 and 2003, respectively. These were the 73rd Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelana (ABMSS) and the 70th Akhil Bharatiya Kannada Sahitya Sammelana. Both events prepared the ground for the re-opening of the issue.

What is the recent controversy around Jath taluka?

CM Basavaraj Bommai said the government was “seriously considering” laying a claim on Jath taluka.

In 2021, all 40 gram panchayats of the drought-prone Jath taluka passed a resolution to join Karnataka. It stated that the Maharashtra government was unable to provide water to its people and they were being treated unfairly.

Violence broke out at Dhound village in Maharashtra when some pro-Marathi activists vandalized KSRTC bus. In retaliation, pro-Kannada activists blackened the boards of an MSRTC bus in Kalaburagi district.

For further reading- Karnataka Maharashtra Border Dispute

GS Paper 3


Leveraging voice technology to combat cyber-fraud

Source– The post is based on the article “Leveraging voice technology to combat cyber-fraud” published in The Hindu on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS3- Basics of cyber security

Relevance– Use of biometrics for security

News– The article explains the use of Voice Technology for improving cybersecurity

What is the status of bank and cyber frauds in India?

Bank and cyber frauds in India are on the rise. According to data by the RBI, frauds have cost the country an estimated ₹100 crore a day over the last 7 years.

The frauds reported in 2021-22 were 23.69% higher than in the previous year, although there was a decline in the amount involved.

What is Voice Technology?

It encompasses voice biometrics or voice/speech recognition technology. It is one of the best ways to improve cybersecurity through the use of voice biometrics.

It uses the unique characteristics of a person’s voice as identification. The technology creates a digital voiceprint and compares it to a caller’s voice.

Why is it beneficial as compared to other biometrics?

Voice authentication can significantly improve security over knowledge-based authentication methods. Compared to other biometrics, voice use is the cheapest technology. It does not require a reader or special device. It is also non-invasive, portable and affords remote identification.

Banks have traditionally relied on the use of passwords. But, these are the weakest links in security. Unlike a password, a customer’s voice is impossible to copy. It is far more challenging to hack.

VT verifies a caller in a very short time by analysing the caller’s voice and flags suspicious calls.

VT allows privacy because it does not require users to reveal personal information.

The technology is sensitive enough to detect if someone is impersonating the user or playing a recording. It can identify even if the user has a cold or a sore throat.

What are the potential uses of Voice Technology?

The voice biometrics industry is growing exponentially now. Experts expect the market to reach a market size of $3.9 billion by 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of 22.8%.

Voice biometrics can help financial institutions to ensure higher levels of protection for customers and employees. In February 2019, HSBC became the first bank to introduce voice recognition for mobile banking customers. As a result, telephone banking fraud cases fell by over 50%.

Voice Technology is an essential tool for forensics and law enforcement. The police can leverage voice to improve investigation efficiency, identify criminals, track criminals, and better respond to crimes.

Voice is finding use in airport security to check criminal  background. Voice has a much lower error rate, and requires no eye contact.

VT has the advantage of improving user experience, reducing call handle times and call centre costs. It ensures high-accuracy authentication in seconds.

Voice could be an excellent tool for the Government to disburse money for various schemes and verify the proof of life of pensioners from their homes.

What are downsides of this technology?

The technology may not be 100% foolproof. It may give false positives, and has an accuracy between 90% and 99%.

But some recent systems which come with voice analytics of gender and age identification, claim 100% verification accuracy.

What needs to be done by the government?

The Government needs to develop a mechanism for proper coordination between financial institutions and the police to investigate and prosecute fraudsters.

It needs to maintain an extensive database of such criminals.


Dumping ground – India is a key importer of hazardous waste

Source: The post is based on the article “Dumping ground – India is a key importer of hazardous waste” published in Business Standard on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS 3 – Environment

Relevance: concerns with waste disposal in India

News: The article discusses the impact of waste imports in India and problems with their inadequate regulation.

What is the current situation?

A report by Bloomberg states that Muzaffarnagar in the U.P. is a major dumping ground for plastic waste from the US.

These plastic wastes are used by the paper mills in substitute to wood pulp as a cheaper raw material. The law also permits up to 2 percent contamination in recycled paper. However, this law is being misused by the mills.

Further, some materials that can be recycled are given to mills and others are sold as fuel to sugar and paper mills. 

The boilers and furnaces of these mills are not hot enough to fully incinerate this waste leading to toxic emissions. Therefore, the residents of Muzaffarnagar inhale ash filled air with microplastics on a regular basis.

Another highlight of the report was the problem with domestic as well as imported e-waste. As per a UN report, up to 90 percent of the world’s electronic waste is deposited in India.

Some of the e-wastes are recycled and rests are burnt leading to the contamination of the air. This is happening even though the government banned the import of e-waste under rules notified in 2016.

These wastes provide a source of livelihood to ragpickers, unlicensed contractors, raddiwalas, etc. but they also get exposed to health hazards caused by it.

What is the way ahead?

There is a need to properly enforce the laws and provide a monitoring mechanism against this practice. However, concerns of recycling companies and the livelihood of rag pickers should also be kept in mind.


Strengthening cybersecurity – Govt must address vulnerabilities

Source: The post is based on the article “Strengthening cybersecurity – Govt must address vulnerabilities” published in Business Standard and “Ring Fencing Data – Ransomware attacks are rising fast. India needs to be ready. And the data bill must factor this in” published in “The Times of India” on 30th December 2022.

Syllabus: GS 3 – Cyber Security

Relevance: concerns with cyber-attacks on India

News: There has been an increase in the cyber-attacks in India which is a concern over the security of online data of citizens.

What is the present situation?

According to a report by CERT-In (India Ransomware Report), there has been a 51% year-on-year increase in ransomware incidents. A majority of attacks are on data centers.

Large databases of personal data are sold regularly. There have been lots of data breaches and leaks on smaller scales across multiple sectors. India has turned into a major hub for global cybercrime.

This has emerged as a public security challenge as India is moving towards a digital operating system for its social and economic activities.

The most serious problem comes from organized cyberattacks on large data repositories and critical public infrastructure such as AIIMS.

This problem has also become global in nature. For example, last year Ireland was forced to shut down its public healthcare service for a while due to the ransomware attack.

Moreover, India is the cheapest place in the world in terms of data tariff. It is also the nation with the highest per capita data consumption which allows it to generate a huge amount of data.

The data generation is likely to rise further after the launch of 5G and satellite broadband.

Digital platforms such as the Digital India initiative, the Unified Payments Interface and the Open Network for Digital Commerce have all caused an increase of the data online.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to look into the issue and prevent citizen’s data.

What can be the way ahead?

First, a personal data protection law needs to be implemented at the earliest. It should – a) offer the citizens both adequate protection and the chance of recompense for damaging data leaks, b) limit the data collection by all regulated entities, especially the biometrics because the government organizations who collect it may not all have high standards of cybersecurity, c) limit the discretion enjoyed by the regulated entities in deciding the time to inform the victims of the data breaches.

Second, awareness programs by agencies like the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) should be made for individuals, government, and businesses.


Prelims Oriented Articles (Factly)

Remote EVM to enable migrants to vote outside their States

Source: The post is based on the article “Election Commission says ready with remote EVM which will enable migrants to vote outside their States” published in The Hindu on 30th December 2022

What is the News?

The Election Commission of India has announced that it has developed a prototype for a Multi-Constituency Remote Electronic Voting Machine(RVM) which would enable remote voting by migrant voters.

What is Remote Voting?

Remote voting may take place in person somewhere other than an assigned polling station or at another time, or votes may be sent by post or cast by an appointed proxy.

Why do we need Remote voting?

Registered voters do not end up voting for a variety of reasons. One of the major contributors to this is domestic migration in the Indian context.

As per the 2011 census (the numbers will have risen since then), there were nearly 45.36 crore migrants in India (both intra and inter-state). It is approximately 37 percent of the country’s population. Migration can be driven by a variety of different reasons, from marriage to natural disasters to employment.

This means that there is a large chunk of the population that is denied its franchise due to exigencies of work or lack of resources to travel. This goes directly against the EC’s “No voter left behind” goal.

The idea behind Remote voting is to ensure these migrant voters participate in the electoral process.

What has the Election commission developed?

Source: TOI

The Election Commission has developed a Remote Electronic Voting Machine(RVM) to enable remote voting by migrant voters.

The RVMs are stand-alone, non-networked systems, effectively providing the voter the same experience as currently used EVMs.

They will be set up in remote locations outside the state under similar conditions as current polling booths.

The unique feature of RVMs is that a single Remote Ballot Unit (RBU) will be able to cater to multiple constituencies (as many as 72) by using a dynamic ballot display board instead of the usually printed paper ballot sheet on EVMs.

The Ballot Unit Overlay Display (BUOD) will show the requisite candidates based on the constituency number read on the voter’s Constituency card. A barcode scanning system will be used to read these cards.

What will be the voting process under RVM?

The voting process will be as follows: after verifying a voter’s identity, their constituency card will be read with a public display showing the constituency details and candidates. This will also be displayed privately, on the BUOD in the RVM’s RBU.

The voter will then vote, and each vote will be stored constituency-wise in the control unit of the voting machine.The VVPAT system is expected to work along the same lines with the new technology.

What are the challenges with remote voting?

Source: PIB


82% listed CPSEs don’t have mandated independent directors: CAG report

Source: The post is based on the article “82% listed CPSEs don’t have mandated independent directors: CAG report” published in Business Standard on 30th December 2022

What is the News?

The Comptroller and Auditor General of India(CAG) has raised concern over the high number of vacancies for the post of Independent directors in listed Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs).

Who is an Independent Director?

An Independent Director (also sometimes known as an outside director) is a director on a board of directors representing minority shareholders and who does not have a pecuniary relationship with the company or related persons, except for sitting fees.

Independent directors are required to report concerns about unethical behaviour, suspected fraud, or violations of the company’s code of conduct or ethics policy. 

They ensure the integrity of financial information, safeguard the interests of all stakeholders, and balance the conflicting interests of shareholders.

The Companies Act 2013 provides that every listed public company shall have at least one-third of the total number of directors as independent directors, and that the Central Government may prescribe a minimum number of independent directors for any other classes of a public company.

What does CAG report say about independent directors in listed CPSEs?

Source: Business Standard

There are a high number of vacancies for the post of independent directors in 59 of the 72 (82 per cent) listed central public sector enterprises (CPSEs).

While no Maharatna company has the mandated number of independent directors on its board, CPSEs such as Coal India Ltd (CIL), NHPC, Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd (MTNL) have not appointed an independent director.

The Companies Act, as well as the guidelines issued by the Department of Public Enterprises, mandates that in case the chairman of the board is an executive director, at least half the board should have independent directors.

Hence, the CAG recommended the boards of directors of the listed CPSEs ensure compliance with these guidelines and regulations to bring in better transparency and accountability in their functioning.


Year End Review 2022 : Ministry of Food Processing Industries

Source: The post is based on the article Year End Review 2022 : Ministry of Food Processing Industriespublished in PIB on 28th December 2022

What is the News?

The Ministry of Food Processing Industries has launched several initiatives and schemes in 2022.

What are the schemes and initiatives launched by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries in 2022?

PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises(PMFME)

Joint convergence portal for different schemes run by Food Processing and Agriculture ministries

Operation Greens Scheme

Launched in: 2018

Type: Central Sector Scheme

Nodal Scheme: Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana

The scheme has two components: 1) Long Term Strategy and 2) Short Term Strategy i.e. Price Stabilization Measures through grant of transportation /storage subsidy.

In the Union Budget 2021-22, the scope of long-term interventions i.e. Integrated Value Chain Development Projects under the Scheme originally applicable to tomato, onion and potatoes (TOP) crops was enlarged to 22 perishable crops.

Production Linked Incentive Scheme(PLIS) for the Food Processing Industries

AAHAR 2022


India Australia Economic and Cooperation Trade Agreement comes into force

Source: The post is based on the article “India Australia Economic and Cooperation Trade Agreement comes into forcepublished in PIB on 29th December 2022

What is the News?

The India-Australia Economic and Cooperation Trade Agreement (Ind-Aus ECTA) has come into effect.

What is the India-Australia Economic and Cooperation Trade Agreement (Ind-Aus ECTA)?

Click Here to read

How will the agreement benefit both countries?

Australia is largely a raw material and intermediate-producing country. Hence, India will get cheaper raw materials from Australia which will not only make us more competitive globally but also enable us to serve Indian consumers better; enabling us to provide more quality goods at more affordable prices.

On the other hand, Australia, which is largely dependent on imports will also benefit hugely as they will soon start seeing a lot more finished goods coming in from India, providing a huge amount of work and job opportunities in both goods and services, provided by Indian talent.

The agreement will also eliminate double taxation on IT services, which were making us less competitive and making us less profitable in the IT sector.


Year-End- Review of DoPT(Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions)-2022

Source: The post is based on the articleYear-End- Review of DoPT(Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions)-2022published in PIB on 28th December 2022

What is the News?

The Department of Personnel and Training, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions has launched several initiatives and schemes in 2022.

What are the schemes and initiatives launched by the Department of Personnel and Training in 2022?

Karmayogi Prarambh Module: The Karmayogi Prarambh module is an initiative under the Mission Karmayogi.

– It is an online orientation course for the new recruits of various government departments.

– It will help new government employees to understand the code of conduct required to adapt to the new role.

– Ethics in the workplace, integrity, human resource policies and other benefits, allowances, etc., are some of the topics focused on by the module.

iGOT app: Integrated Government online learning (iGOT) has been launched on android platform to provide government employees any time, anywhere learning. 

– It will provide employees access to the courses available on iGOT portal through their mobiles phones.

– The app and the platform will allow all government employees, at multiple levels, to undergo continuous training, depending on their domain areas.

Probity Portal: In 2017, Probity portal was launched for obtaining the data from all the ministries/departments in respect of number of cases pending for sanction for prosecution, number of major and minor penalty disciplinary proceedings and review of non-performing government employees among others.

– The portal has now been revamped to improve the user experience and optimize the Portal to collect the data on new data points/parameters which will help in generating comprehensive reports on various modules.


Indian Army Inaugurates First-ever Two Storey 3-D Printing Dwelling Unit At Ahmedabad

Source: The post is based on the article “Indian Army Inaugurates First-ever Two Storey 3-D Printing Dwelling Unit At Ahmedabad” published in PIB on 29th December 2022

What is the News?

The Indian Army has inaugurated its first 3-D Printed House Dwelling Unit (with Ground plus One configuration) for soldiers at Ahmedabad Cantt.

About the first 3-D Printed House Dwelling Unit of Indian Army:

Constructed by: Military Engineering Services (MES) in collaboration with MiCoB Pvt Ltd 

Technique used: The technique utilizes a concrete 3D printer that accepts a computerized three-dimensional design and fabricates a 3-D structure in a layer-by-layer manner by extruding a specialized type of concrete specifically designed for the purpose.

Significance: Indian Army units have already applied 3D printing technology in construction of pre-casted permanent defences and overhead protection meant for operations. 

– These 3D structures are currently being validated over a period of one year and can be seen being incorporated in all terrains, the recent being in the UT of Ladakh.

Why is the Indian Army using 3D printing technology?

The 3D printing technology is able to withstand blasts and can be erected within 36 to 48 hours.They can also be relocated from one place to another. 

Further, the 3D printing technology can also help save time and cut the cost compared to what is needed in the construction of conventional units, like a bunker or a habitat for troops.


Taking on big tech

Source-This post on Taking on big tech has been created based on the article “US has gone after Big Tech. That makes it easier for India” published in “The Indian Express” on 29 March 2024. UPSC Syllabus-GS Paper-2– Regulatory and various Quasi-judicial Bodies News– The US has finally changed its stance towards antitrust enforcement and… Continue reading Taking on big tech

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Young and the old – lancet report on fertility rate

Source-This post on Young and the old – lancet report on fertility rate has been created based on the article “Express View on India’s falling fertility rate: A wake-up call” published in “The Indian Express” on 29 March 2024. UPSC Syllabus-GS Paper 1-Indian society- Population and Associated Issues, Poverty and Developmental issues Context– According to… Continue reading Young and the old – lancet report on fertility rate

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Reasons for an electricity shortage in India: Understanding India’s coal imports

Source: The post reasons for an electricity shortage in India has been created, based on the article “Understanding India’s coal imports” published in “The Hindu” on 29th March 2024. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3-economy-infrastructure (electricity) News: The article discusses electricity shortages in India due to coal supply issues. It explains that the problem is… Continue reading Reasons for an electricity shortage in India: Understanding India’s coal imports

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Internet shutdowns in India: Measuring internet freedom in India in the last 10 years

Source: The post internet shutdowns in India has been created, based on the article “Measuring internet freedom in India in the last 10 years” published in “The Hindu” on 29th March 2024. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 3-Science and technology- Awareness in the fields of IT. News: This article discusses the high number of internet… Continue reading Internet shutdowns in India: Measuring internet freedom in India in the last 10 years

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WHO Pandemic Agreement: The countdown to a pandemic treaty

Source: The post WHO Pandemic Agreement has been created, based on the article “The countdown to a pandemic treaty” published in “The Hindu” on 29th March 2024. UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper 2-International relations- Important International institutions, agencies and fora, their structure, mandate. News: The article discusses negotiations for a WHO Pandemic Agreement. This agreement… Continue reading WHO Pandemic Agreement: The countdown to a pandemic treaty

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Mushk Budij

Source: This article on the Mushk Budij is based on “Study unravels the recipe that gives mushk budiji rice its unique aroma” which was published in “The hindu” on 29th March 2024. Why in news? Recently, scientists reported that altitude and temperature play an important role in the development of mushk budiji aroma. About Mushk Budij 1.… Continue reading Mushk Budij

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Food Waste Index Report 2024

Source: This article on the Food Waste Index Report 2024 is based on “Households across the world waste 1 billion meals a day, says UN report” which was published in “The Hindu” on 29th March 2024. Why in news? Food Waste Index Report 2024, was launched by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and WRAP… Continue reading Food Waste Index Report 2024

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Difference between the current and capital account

Source-This post on Difference between the current and capital account is based on the article “Current account deficit narrows to 1.2% of GDP at $10.5 billion in Oct-Dec: RBI” published in “The Indian Express” on 27th March 2024. Why in the News? Recently, RBI stated that current account deficit narrows to 1.2 % of GDP at $10.5 billion… Continue reading Difference between the current and capital account

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Governor’s role in lawmaking

Source: This article on Governor’s role in lawmaking is based on “Governor’s assent to state laws” which was published in “The Indian Express” on 29th March 2024. Why in news? Recently, Kerala has moved the SC against the withholding of assent to Bills by the President and Governor. Governor’s role in lawmaking 1) Article 200… Continue reading Governor’s role in lawmaking

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Restructuring of the Directorate General of Quality Assurance (DGQA)

Source: This article on restructuring of the Directorate General of Quality Assurance (DGQA) is based on “Department of Defence Production issues notification for re-organisation of DGQA” which was published in “PIB” on 29th March 2024. Why in news? The Department of Defence Production has announced a restructuring of the Directorate General of Quality Assurance (DGQA). About restructuring… Continue reading Restructuring of the Directorate General of Quality Assurance (DGQA)

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