Q. With reference to Mughal rule in India, which of the following pairs is/are correctly matched?
Battle:Emperor/ruler associated with
1. Battle of Karnal:Ahmed Shah
2. Battle of Plassey:Muhammad Shah
3. Battle of Buxar:Shah Alam II
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[A] 1 only

[B] 1 and 2 only

[C] 2 and 3 only

[D] 3 only

Answer: D
Notes:

Battle of Karnal: It was held between Nadir Shah and Mughals (Emperor Muhammad Shah) in 1739 and mughals were defeated in the war and later Muhammad Shah was imprisoned and annexed areas west of the Indus into the Persian Empire.  

Battle of Plassey: The battle was fought between the East India Company headed by Robert Clive and the Nawab of Bengal (Siraj-Ud-Daulah) and his French Troop in 1757. This battle is often termed as the ‘decisive event’ which became the source of ultimate rule of the British in India. Mughal emperor Alamgir-II was ruling the empire when the Battle of Plassey took place. 

Battle of Buxar: It was a battle fought between the English Forces, and a joint army of the Nawab of Oudh, Nawab of Bengal, and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II in 1764. The battle was the result of misuse of trade privileges granted by the Nawab of Bengal and also the colonialist ambitions of East India Company. 

Source: Spectrum Modern India. 

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