Q. With reference to res-judicata, consider the following statements;
1.It is applied when a litigant attempts to file a subsequent lawsuit on the same matter after having received a judgment in a previous case involving the same parties.
2.The concept is applicable only on Criminal cases.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[A] 1 only

[B] .2 only

[C] Both 1 and 2

[D] Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: A
Notes:

Statement 1 is correct: Res judicata literally means ‘the thing has been judged”. The principle of res judicata is applied when a litigant attempts to file a subsequent lawsuit on the same matter after having received a judgment in a previous case involving the same parties.

Statement 2 is incorrect: Res Judicata as a concept is applicable both in case of Civil as well as Criminal cases.

Source: Res judicata