1. Critically examine the working of various crop insurance schemes. (GS 3)
Synopsis:
- In the introduction you can start with why crop insurance is very necessary for agriculture and why government implements crop insurance schemes
- What are the crop insurance schemes launched so far.Mention the names of important schemes like
- Weather based national crop insurance scheme
- NAIS
- MNAIS
- Pradhan Mantri fasal bhima yojana and write a few words on the importance of these schemes
- PMFBY proposes better use of technology to speed up the claim process.
- Promises to address the issues of high premium, linkage to crop loans and cap on claims.
- Incorporate technology in agriculture.
- Lowering premium rates
- Elaborate on the failure of these schemes.The following issues can be probed like
- Implementation problems
- Delays in financial aid and the states role in it.
- Institutional problems where you can analyse the role of Agricultural Insurance Company of India Limited (AIC) as well.
- Lack of proper maintenance of records
- The intended beneficiaries did not receive the benefits.
- Small farmers are not effectively covered.
- Farmers suicides are still very rampant.
- One of the main reasons for overall agrarian crisis in India.
- Lack of adequate funds
- Inadequacy of compensation when there is crop failure
- Lack of awareness about these schemes
- NAIS and MNAIS had failed to address the issues of high premium.
- PMFBY:-
- Ambiguity over unit of insurance
- Lack of clarity on who is covered in the scheme
- Only covers weather risks
- Write note on the measures needed for the success of these schemes like
- Social audits
- Digital transfer of money
- Cross checks by various authorities
- Integration and consolidations of schemes etc are needed.
Synopsis:
- In the Introduction you can mention what is embankment and situation of floods in India.
- Elaborate on the role of embankments in the prevention of floods.
- Restricting the floodwater to a narrow stretch.
- Help due to markings of the embankments.
- How people living near embankments get benefitted.
- How it can mend the river to flow along a desired course.
- How the velocity of flow of river water can be controlled.
- How can embankments be managed effectively suggest various measures like
- Involve the community that is close to the embankment
- Mention how embankment management committees should be empowered.
- Role of technology
- Plantations near embankment
- In the conclusion you can mention the way ahead needed and can also show how participatory embankment management is a future forward.
(UPSC Previous Year Question Paper)
Synopsis:
- In the introduction elaborate why space science has become so important in India and India’s standing at the international level with respect to space science.
- Now elaborate in details the various achievements of India in the field of space science by mentioning successful missions from various perspectives like international, economic, technological etc like:
- Mangalyaan
- Successful launch of GSLV with Indigenous Cryogenic Stage
- Development of Next Generation Geo-Synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk III
- GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation)
- Chandrayaan
- IRNSS etc
- Now answer the question showing the space technology role in socio economic development.In economic development the following areas can be emphasised in detail:
- Agriculture
- Precision farming
- Identification of diseases of crops
- Wasteland mapping etc
- Employment opportunities
- Agriculture
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- Resources
- Development of both scientific and space manufacturing industry and bring in more investment
- Satellite communication-providing alerts and position location services for aircraft and ships in distress.
- In social development the following areas can be covered:-
- Disaster management
- Ignite young minds
- Finding prospective groundwater zones
- Tele fishery
- Biodiversity information system
- Tele medicine
- In the conclusion. end on a positive note showing the further potential of this technology.
